Closed-cell is commonly chosen because it handles cold surfaces + moisture exposure better than many fibrous products. (Still needs correct fire protection/finishing details.)

Often yes, but conditions matter (substrate temp, humidity, chemistry). Some products are designed for colder substrates; the installer should confirm product limits for your job.

Yes — air sealing and wall insulation reduce stack-effect drafts and heat loss, warming floors above.

Closed-cell is denser, higher R-value per inch, and adds moisture resistance—great for basements, rim joists, crawlspaces, and places where you want extra vapor control. Open-cell is lighter, typically lower cost, expands more, and is often used for interior assemblies where you want air-sealing + sound reduction, but not the same moisture barrier performance. (Always choose based on the assembly + code requirements, not just price.)

Open-cell is commonly around R-3.5 to R-4 per inch, depending on the product. Example: one Canadian open-cell product listing shows aged R-value ~3.8 at 1 inch. Always quote the exact R-value from the specific product being installed.

In Canada, closed-cell SPF products are typically evaluated to CAN/ULC-S705.1 (material standard). The R-value per inch varies by product, but many closed-cell SPFs are around R-6+ per inch (check the specific product data sheet your installer uses).

CAN/ULC-S705.2 is the Canadian installation standard for medium-density (closed-cell) spray foam. It matters because compliance is about how it’s installed (environmental conditions, substrate prep, lift thickness, quality checks) - not just what the foam “is.”

Sometimes. Removal is common if there’s moisture/mold, animal contamination, or you need to air-seal properly before topping up.